Wiser World Web: Collaborative Inquiry on Collective Intelligence

People involved with CI2012 and CI2014

[vc_row][vc_column width=”1/1″][vc_column_text](Very rough draft.  Much editing to be done.)
By Bert De Coutere on homocompetens blogspot

The following are some of the people who have participated in 2012 and 2014 in the conferences at MIT on collective intelligence. 

(For official information about the conferences, click for CI 2014, or CI 2012.  WiserWorldWeb.org in no way represents the conferences, and has gathered the information below from various sources.)

Together these researchers constitute a community whose collective work has important ramifications for how well humanity is able to address its problems in the future. They are listed here as a resource, not as members of the wiserworldweb.org social network. Where possible, links are given to the person’s home page, to papers on arXiv, and to the presentation and paper given at a CI conference.  The title of the paper given at a CI conference is in italics.  People are listed alphabetically.  “IT” means an Invited Talk.  “PL” means PLenary paper.  “P” means Poster.   This information is taken directly from the following sites:  http://collective.mech.northwestern.edu/?page_id=24  ,  http://cci.mit.edu/ci2012/plenaries/index.html , and http://arxiv.org/abs/1204.2991  as well as homepages and links on the Internet.

o   rXiv: http://arxiv.org/find/all/1/all:+AND+Lada+Adamic/0/1/0/all/0/1

    • Information Propagation and Filtering Over Social Networks
  • Linda Argote, Organizational Behavior and Theory @ Carnegie Mellon
    • Video of CI2014 presentation:     Transactive Memory Systems and Collective Intelligence
    • “Transactive Memory Systems: Micro Foundations of Dynamic Capabilities”
      Journal of Management Studies 49(8), 2012; 1375-1382.
      (with: Yuqing Ren)
      • Paraphrase of part of abstract:    Transactive Memory is a microfoundation of an organization’s dynamic capability [to reconfigure for changing environments]… A system to collectively encode, store and retrieve knowledge can facilitate the combinative integration and renovation of  an organization’s knowledge assets.
  • Yochai Benkler (Harvard)
    • The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom    Yale, 2007.Wealth_of_Networks cover
    • “Benkler describes how patterns of information, knowledge, and cultural production are changing—and shows that the way information and knowledge are made available can either limit or enlarge the ways people can create and express themselves. He describes the range of legal and policy choices that confront us and maintains that there is much to be gained—or lost—by the decisions we make today.”
    • The Penguin and the Leviathan: How Cooperation Triumphs Over Self-Interest. Crown, 2011.  Benkler Penquin and Leviathan cover download “Harvard University Professor Yochai Benkler draws on cutting-edge findings from neuroscience, economics, sociology, evolutionary biology, political science, and a wealth of real world examples to debunk this long-held myth [that humans are only selfish] and reveal how we can harness the power of human cooperation to improve business processes, design smarter technology, reform our economic systems, maximize volunteer contributions to science, reduce crime, improve the efficacy of civic movements, and more. “
    • Legitimacy in Cooperative Human Systems Design: Mediating Power, Structure, and Motivational Misalignment,
  • Margarete Boos     Courant Research Centre Evolution of Social Behaviour, University of Göttingen

o   Leadership in Moving Human Groups.  CI 2014.

Abstract and paper.  Public Library of Science, PLOS.

  • “We showed that in a human group – on the basis of movement alone – a minority can successfully lead a majority. Minorities lead successfully when (a) their members choose similar initial steps towards their goal field and (b) they are among the first in the whole group to make a move. Using our approach, we empirically demonstrate that the rules of swarming behaviour apply to humans. Even complex human behaviour, such as leadership and directed group movement, follow simple rules that are based on visual perception of local movement.”

Daniel Calovi

o      CI 2014, PT, Weds. 11:15:    Collective response to perturbations in a data-driven fish school model   . (at Research Gate)

        • “Our study, mostly limited to groups of moderate size (in the order of 100 individuals), focused not only on the transition to schooling induced by increasing the swimming speed, but also on  the conditions under which a school can exhibit milling dynamics and the corresponding behavioral transitions. “
        • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HJdJb2oZozo 
        • Abstract and video

Colin Camerer (Caltech)

Christopher Chabris (Union College)  @cfchabris

  •   PL, 2014, Weds @ 11:15: Theory of Mind Predicts Collective Intelligence  CI 2014.
  • Aristotle’s Hypothesis and the Relationship Between Individual Intelligence and Collective Intelligence

o   (paper CollectiveIntelligence/2012/plenary/4 )

o   Abstract  Video

taiwanese Invisible Gorilla cover

Yiling Chen (Harvard)

Perspectives on Intelligence from Within and Outside the Collective

(paper CollectiveIntelligence/2012/plenary/6 ) Slides 

Books

  • F. Ritter, G. Baxter and E. Churchill. The ABCs of Human Centered Design. To be published, Springer
  • K. O’Hara, M. Perry, E.F. Churchill and D. Russell. (Eds) Public and Situated Displays. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003
  • D. Snowdon, E. F. Churchill and E. Frecon (Eds) Inhabited Information Spaces. Springer Verlag, 2003.
  • Y.Ye and E.F. Churchill (Eds) Agent Supported Cooperative Work. Mass ,USA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003
  • E.F. Churchill, D. Snowdon and A. Munro (Eds).  Collaborative Virtual Environments. Digital Places and Spaces for Interaction. London, UK: Springer Verlag, 2001
  • J. Cassell, J. Sullivan, S. Prevost, and E. Churchill (Eds.). Embodied Conversational Agents. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2000

Journal Papers

  • de Sá, M. Shamma, David A. and Churchill, Elizabeth F. (2013), Live mobile collaboration for video production: design, guidelines, and requirements. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, Jan 1, 2013, Springer.

Iain Couzin (Princeton)

o   For video clips and a zestful podcast go to http://www.wellcomecollection.org/whats-on/events/exchanges-at-the-frontier-20-1/iain-couzin.aspx .

o   Collective Intelligence in Animal Groups Abstract  Video

o   Groups of 5-20 optimize decisions, heading cues most people don’t notice:

Bo Cowgill

    •    PL, 2014, Weds @ 11:15:   Corporate prediction markets: evidence from Google, Ford, and firm X
      • With Wolfers and Zitzewitz
      • “Newly hired employees are on the optimistic side of these markets, and optimistic biases are significantly more pronounced on days when Google stock is appreciating. We find strong correlations in trading for those who sit within a few feet of one another; social networks and work relationships also play a secondary explanatory role. “
      • "Press discussion: New York Times (html), FT Magazine(html), InfoWorld (html). A digestable summary via the Freakonomics blog. Revision requested by Review of Economic Studies.

Clintin P. Davis-Stober , Psychology, University of Missouri

When is a crowd wise?  CI 2014.  Article in Decision. Abstract “A crowd is wise if a linear aggregate, for example a mean, of its members’ judgments is closer to the target value than a randomly, but not necessarily uniformly, sampled member  of the crowd.  . . .    Even if judgments are biased and correlated, one would need to nearly deterministically select only a highly skilled judge before an individual’s judgment could be expected to be more accurate than a simple averaging of the crowd. . . .     Crowd wisdom is maximized when judgments systematically differ as much as possible. “

o   IT, 2014, Weds @ 11:15: Theory of Mind Predicts Collective Intelligence  CI 2014.

      • Emily Falk, Communications @ University of Pennsylvania
        • IT, 2014, Weds @ 2:    Neural predictors of individual and large scale behavior change
      • Henry Farrell, Political Science and International Affairs @ George Washington
        • IT, 2014, Weds @ 2:  
      • Nicolas Fay, Psychology, University of Western Australia.

o   Human Communication Systems Evolve by Cultural Selection.  CI 2014.

          • Abstract and paper.  PLOS.  The Cultural Evolution of Human Communication Systems in Different Sized Populations: Usability Trumps Learnability
          • Human communication systems evolve to be usable.  . . . Dramatic sign simplification (between interacting agents) makes the signs easier to bring to mind and plan, quicker to execute and improves sign reproduction fidelity for the next generation of users. This simplification and abstraction process also makes the signs difficult to understand. Thus, usability trumps learnability.
      • Andrew Gelman

o   Deborah Gordon (Stanford)

The Regulation of Foraging in Ant Colonies Abstract 

o   Leveraging Diversity in Intercultural Creative Teams

        • “While overall diversity had a negative net effect on outcomes, I found a significant relationship between a task-orientation that embraces conflict and a positive product outcome.”

o   Other articles

o   (paper CollectiveIntelligence/2012/plenary/9 )

o Crowdsourcing: Quality Management and Scalability Abstract  Slides Video

      • Lisa Jing
        •  IT, 2014, Weds @ 11:15: Theory of Mind Predicts Collective Intelligence  CI 2014.
      • Niki Kittur, Human Computer Interaction Institute @ Carnegie Mellon
        • IT, 2014, Weds @ 2:  
      • Jens Krause, Biology and Ecology of Fish @ Humboldt University Berlin
        • IT, 2014, Weds @ 9:  I
      • Robert Kraut (Carnegie Mellon)
        • Social Design for Collective Intelligence Abstract  Slides Video
        • Building successful online communities: Evidence-Kraut Building successful online communities coverbased social design. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
      • Sheen Levine, Columbia, Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy

o    Ethnic Diversity Deflates Price Bubbles

      • Globe and Mailinterview:
        • We created an experimental market to which participants came and traded assets for real money. We isolated them from each other so they could not pressure each other into conformity, but we assigned them such that some participants were in markets that were completely homogeneous, which means that all of the traders were from the same ethnicity. Some of the other markets, we inserted people of other ethnicities. And what we found was a marked difference in how well the markets performed. Markets that were composed of people of the same ethnicity, homogeneous markets, were much more likely to bubble than markets that were diverse.

o   Towards A Grounded Theory of Collective Open Source Innovation

Winter Mason (Stevens Institute of Technology) Group Identity, Culture, and Collective IntelligenceAbstract Slides Video
Jason Matheny, Open Source Indicators Program

IT, 2014, Weds @ 2:  

IT, 2014, Weds @ 2:  

IT, 2014, Weds @ 2:  

IT, 2014, Weds @ 9:  Towards Collective AI

  • Beth Noveck, Wagner School of Public Service @ NYU, Founder & Director of the Governance Lab

IT, 2014, Weds @ 2:  

IT, 2014, Weds @ 9:  Collective Cognition by Insect Societies

  • Doug Rivers

o   IT, 2014, Weds @ 11:15:  The Mythical Swing Voter

o   IT, 2014, Weds @ 11:15:  The Mythical Swing Voter

 

 

Eric Zitzewitz

      • o   IT, 2014, Weds @ 11:15:   Corporate prediction markets: evidence from Google, Ford, and firm X

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